Global Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Worldwide Business - Assignment Example In any case, venture into worldwide markets likewise carries with it certain dangers which associations need to oversee so as to effectively incorporate their essence with new markets. (Dlabay and Scott, 2011) Global associations, so as to effectively go into any remote market, needs to really comprehend the social and social setting of the market, its political and monetary frameworks alongside further understanding the administrative condition of the market. What is likewise basic to comprehend that worldwide associations have structure and build up their procedures in a way which can assist them with managing an exchange off between the dangers and returns and guarantee that all the dangers are recognized and evaluated deliberately so as to permit the association wanted outcomes? This paper will hence talk about and contrast Republic of Congo and that of UK as far as its political, monetary, administrative condition and so on. This paper likewise plans to utilize various hypotheses which can be utilized to dissect section of City College Norwich into the Democratic Republic of Congo. Majority rule Republic of Congo or DRC is situated in Central Africa in the upper east of Angola. The all out territory of the nation is more than 2 million kilometers, short of what 33% of US, with both and ocean and water covering the entire region and as such nation is open from land just as oceans. The general populace of the nation is more than 77 million with larger part of the populace have a place with Congolese cause. half of the populace is Roman Catholic followed by Protestants. Muslims and different religions likewise exist in the nation be that as it may, by and large the nation is a Christian larger part nation. It is additionally essential to take note of that over 43% of the populace falls in the age gathering of 0-14 years of age while critical part of the populace is between the age of 15 to 54 years. (Cia.gov, 2015) DRC has stayed an unstable nation since its

International Human Rights Law

Presentation In the previous two decades, the International Human Rights Law (IHRL) has expanded its accentuation on ensuring every single human appropriate for individuals to live a free, secure, and sound life.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on International Human Rights Law explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Rehman (2010), carrying on with a noble life must be accomplished if every single essential prerequisite of work, lodging, food, instruction, and political majority rule government are adequately accessible to each individual without separation. This paper contends about financial, social, and social rights, which are interlaced with common and political rights under the mantle of the International Human Rights Law. The hidden case is that on the off chance that monetary, social, and social rights are not met satisfactorily, at that point the common and political rights will nor be fulfilled. Be that as it may, the underlying accentuation ought to be coordinated to setting up the monetary, social, and social rights after which the political rights are met, subsequently the general association may prompt the acknowledgment of every single human right. This paper concurs with the view that monetary, social, and social human rights are profoundly vital, as they structure the premise under which common and political human rights create. Furthermore, an infringement of the previous is legitimately connected with the infringement of the later. For example, the refusal of the option to great wellbeing, which is a piece of the social rights, is more basic than denying the option to cast a ballot, which is a political human right. While surveying this case, this paper will portray the two arrangements of human rights. It will likewise show why it is important to secure the monetary, social, and social rights in an offer to create practical common and political rights.Advertising Looking for article on worldwide r elations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This paper will likewise look at whether the two arrangements of human rights are in a general sense extraordinary or they are resolute. Foundation Historically, the possibility of human rights created inside the political way of thinking of Western Europe. Early rationalists, for example, John Lock accepted that the legislature had the command to make sure about essential human rights ethically and legitimately and disappointment prompted the loss of its authenticity (Hoover 2013). The common and political rights went before the starting points of the monetary, social, and social rights, and in this way they are considered as second-age rights. Despite the fact that the monetary, social, and social rights are regularly alluded as second to common and political rights, they have been in presence for a considerable length of time just that they were exceptionally underestimated until the nineteenth Century (Simmons 2009). The underlying foundations of monetary, social, and social rights can be followed back to early hundreds of years during the advancement of strict customs. These strict conventions underlined pride and care for humankind by offering to the individuals who can't provide food for themselves. Besides, national and worldwide laws had earlier perceived a large portion of the monetary, social, and social rights before the appropriation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 (Baderin McCorquodale 2011). For example, nations, for example, Costa Rica understood the privilege to instruction for all from the 1840s. Some European countries by the late nineteenth Century perceived different financial, social, and social rights like work rights, the privilege to wellbeing, and social security.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on International Human Rights Law explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Economic, s ocial, and social rights are seen as individual rights including government disability, conditions in the work environment, individual life, social life, and access to essential offices, for example, training, food, safe water, lodging, and wellbeing (Ishay 2010). For example, take an instance of a family that is commandingly expelled from its home or an agent whose work is freely plundered. For this situation, the people are influenced and their condition exacerbated, along these lines impeding open equity. Then again, thoughtful and political rights include the option to cast a ballot, option to reasonable preliminary, uniformity, and opportunity from segregation among others as remembered for the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Walzer Miller 2007). For quite a while, common and political rights have pulled in more consideration from both legitimate and non-lawful mediators as more significant than financial, common, and social rights. The adversaries contend that the financial, social, and social rights are below average rights, in this manner outlandish and they can be accomplished steadily after some time. This contention misjudges human respect since it doesn't perceive the genuine rights, and subsequently it dislikes the significance of the common and political rights. It is unreasonable for a destitute individual to appreciate casting a ballot rights and one loses the inspiration to cast a ballot if his/her essential rights can't be organized. Pertinence of the financial, social, and social rights These rights are intended to upgrade the insurance of people as full individuals, grounded on the possibility that individuals need to appreciate rights, opportunities, and justice.Advertising Searching for article on universal relations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Facing a daily reality such that most of nations are yet to take care of and give safe drinking water enough and most residents despite everything live beneath the neediness line, the need to divert center around the actualisation of monetary, social, and social rights is extensively showed. In any case, it is inescapable to respect, secure, and satisfy the actualisation of monetary, social, and social rights by the state apparatus after which it will be conceivable to acknowledge stable common and political rights (Hrubec 2010). Each case of infringement of financial, social, and social rights shows how human nobility is significantly gouged just as the common and political rights. For instance, tainting water by both private and state-possessed offices and unlawful separations are infringement of the privilege to wellbeing and water, while poor conditions at work and long working hours are an infringement of worker’s rights. Inability to give instruction to all independent o f sexual orientation, race, handicap, or religion disregards training rights. Paid maternity leave and assurance for the jobless populace disregards the privilege to government managed savings. At the point when these rights are denied under whichever conditions, the nobility of humankind is undermined (Haas 2014). Accordingly, the rationale of grasping common and political rights loses its premise and it can possibly flourish when the financial, social, and social rights are organized. Thusly, the degree to which people appreciate financial, social, and social rights is reflected in the degree of mindfulness towards securing common and political rights. For example, in the US, the degree of happiness regarding monetary, social, and social rights relates to the delight in common and political rights and the total is generally higher when contrasted with different pieces of the world. This situation happens because of the significant level of proficiency, wellbeing, standardized savi ngs, safe drinking water, and sanitation. Thusly, residents are very much educated about the political structures, open contribution, and equity. Residents are inspired to further and ensure these rights in light of the fact that through officials and court frameworks, they can appreciate the financial, social, and social rights. Mahon (2008, p. 620) set that the ‘gross infringement of monetary, social, and social rights has end up being the significant reason for common clashes and the hesitance to address these requirements subverts any odds of recuperating from conflicts’. For example, denying business, instruction, and lodging dependent on sex, culture, race, or religion has consistently brought about clashes as the influenced social orders try to adjust the norm by organizing transformations. Taking a gander at the situation in most African nations, steady clashes endure. The economy of a nation like Somalia has decayed because of the contested portion of assets. T he lodging condition in certain locales in Brazil is exceptionally poor, accordingly prompting expanded pace of wrongdoing and constrained removals during ghetto recovery. At the point when these populaces are flimsy and their pride is undermined, they can't appreciate common and political rights regardless of whether they are set up (Smith, Baylis, Owens 2008). On the off chance that common and political rights can't secure the whole network, at that point its significance is lost. What's more, the refusal of financial, social, and social rights can also thwart the satisfaction in different rights. For instance, it is typically hard for unskilled individuals to discover business, take an interest in political movement, or even offer their assessments. Indeed, even the individuals who advance the common political rights happen to be the couple of lucky people who are taught, have acceptable wellbeing, and need to upgrade supportable common and political rights by first mooring monet ary, social, and social rights for all. Following back to assess how the Human Rights Convention of 1948 rose, one will be in a situation to make sense of what perspectives organized the advancement of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights around the same time. Being human was the standard esteemed basic for the qualification of human rights and especially singular rights framed the focal principle whereupon the discussion flourished. In the wake of accomplishing human poise through grasping financial, social, and social rights, people are ensured common and political rights. These common and political rights ought to guarantee that they ensure and upgrade the financial, social, and political rights. Despite the fact that the common and political rights discusses appear to have been exceptionally amplified in many states, it is apparent that this

How to Finance a Phone with Bad Credit

How to Finance a Phone with Bad Credit How to Finance a Phone with Bad Credit How to Finance a Phone with Bad CreditBad credit means everything costs more, even cell phones. So what are your options?Remember when a cell phone was considered a big luxury, rather than a necessity? Back in the day, high-powered businessmen would pay thousands of dollars to carry around a brick that was slightly more effective than two tin cans tied to a string.Over the years, cell phones have become much more advanced, with internet access and apps for everything. Presumably, the call quality has gotten better, although only robocallers seem to actually make phone calls anymore so who really knows?Regardless, having a smartphone is practically essential these days, as so much of modern society is oriented around it. But how will your credit score impact your ability to get a phone? Is it possible to get a good deal on a phone contract even if you have bad credit?Wait, what’s a credit score again?Before we answer whether your credit score can affect your ability to get a phone, let’s go over what a credit score actually is.Basically, your credit score is a three-digit number that’s compiled from the credit reports created by the three major credit bureaus: Experian, TransUnion, and Equifax. The most common credit score is the FICO score, which is scored on a scale from 300 to 850.  The closer your score is to 850, the better the loans you’ll be able to getâ€"and with better interest rates too.If you have a credit score below about 650, then youre considered to have poor or bad credit. In this range, you wont be able to qualify for many traditional loans or credit cards. Instead, youll have to settle for bad credit loans or no credit check loans, some of which are fine, but many of which come with eye-popping fees and interest rates.But your credit score isnt all about loans. It can also be a necessary factor for getting a car or an insurance plan or, yes, a phone and phone plan.How much will your credit score impact your ability to get a phone?When you try to enter into a cell phone contract, many providers will perform a credit check.It makes sense. The reason for a credit score, generally, is to measure how reliable an applicant has been about paying down their debts and managing their credit. If you’ve generally been paying your bills on time, odds are greater that you’ll also pay your phone bill on time.On the other hand, if you’ve run into trouble paying your bills previously, a provider will likely think that you won’t treat their bills with any greater value and will offer you worse ratesâ€"if they’re willing to offer a contract at all.Obviously, a low credit score doesn’t necessarily mean that a person is irresponsible, but that is often the assumption a lender or service provider will make, at least when it comes to the subject’s likelihood to pay their bills.Hard credit checks will temporarily lower your score.Unfortunately, there’s a good chance this credit check will be a hard credit check. That mea ns it’ll cause temporary damage to your credit score. If you are given the option, a soft credit check is always going to be better, but depending who the provider is, it may not be able to be helped.Improving your credit score by paying off your debts, paying all your bills on time, and using credit cards responsibly, will allow you to get better options when it comes to phone plans.But it can take time to build up a good credit score, and you probably can’t go that long without a phone. So what are your options?You can pay more for your phone upfront.One option you’ll have is to pay more money upfront when purchasing a new phone. Your monthly payments might even be lower than a person with better credit who chooses to pay less upfront.Paying more upfront when you have bad credit is actually quite common. It can help you rent an apartment  and sign up for utilities. With some services, like dental work, you may be able to pay less overall if youre willing to pay for everythin g up front and in cash.Of course, this means you’ll need a larger amount of money saved up, and you’ll want to make sure that the phone you’re getting has a good warranty, as you don’t want to lose that upfront investment if the phone gets damaged.This won’t always be possible, however. If your credit is low enough, you may not be able to qualify for any financing plan at all. At least not with certain providers.Many companies will give you the option to prepay for your phone use, but this tends to be more expensive over time than a traditional phone financing plan.Unfortunately, it’s a recurring reality that the worse your credit, the more you’ll have to pay in the long run. If you do consider a prepayment plan, be sure to shop around at many different providers to see which ones specialize in these kinds of offers.Shop around for phones and  a cosigner.Obviously, it’s always a good idea to look at different providers to find the one whose plan is the most affordabl e for you, but the big providers may be less likely to offer good deals to people with worse credit.Some carriers, like T-Mobile, have started offering plans that don’t require a credit check. As tends to be the case, you may not get the same rates you’d get with good credit, but it’s worth looking into.You can also consider reaching out to friends or family. If you know someone who trusts you and has good credit, see if they are willing to be a cosigner on the account. You can also look into joining a relative’s family plan and just pay them back each month as necessary.Fixing your financial situation can feel like a Catch-22: You need a better job to get more money but you need a phone to get that job and you need more money to get a phone. But hopefully, this advice can help you on your journey to better credit and  a better phone plan!If you want to learn more about living with bad credit, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Shopping for Furniture wi th a Bad Credit Score? Here’s What You Need to KnowHow to Buy an Engagement Ring With Bad CreditIf You Have Bad Credit, Should You Buy or Lease a Car?What are your best tips for buying a phone when you have bad credit?  We want to hear from you!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Techniques of the Movie Freedom Writers - 1372 Words

‘Richard La Gravense’s’ movie ‘Freedom Writer’ is based on a true story of a teacher and one hundred and fifty students of Woodro Wilson High School. This story is taken by the Eva’s diary, a true story of a girl, who suffers a lot in her life because of the racial riot. In the movie all the students are affected by the gang violence and racial tension in their life. This movie shows the effort of the teacher, who reconciles all the student in-spite of big racial wall. To erase the gap between the students she ruins her private life and makes them reconcile. Erin the main protagonist, a new excited school teacher comes at ‘Woodro Wilson High school’ in long beach to teach the students. It is 1994 in long beach California,†¦show more content†¦She organizes a game in the class room and that after she knows that why they all hate to each other and also know the truth that they lost their own people because of racial riot. Th en she gradually begins to earn their trust and buys them composition books to record their diaries, in which they talk about their experience of being abuse, seeing their friends die and being evicted. Determined to reform her students, she takes two part time jobs for more books and spends more time at school. Her strong will power leads her toward her destination. She does work hard to make a one family member to their school. To fulfill her aim she is ready to leave her husband, who does not understand her felling towards the students so they decide to leave each other. Students gradually begin to write on the diaries. They wrote there their pain, experiences, loneliness, discrimination and so on which they gain from their life, now erin understands her students problem and pain. She decides to make them good students and well manner. But her teaching staffs are not happy with her because of her activity they think that this students are not understand the voice of love therefor e they should treat tightly. But erin does not stop her work and gives more and more time to the students. But slowly students understand her and co-operate her expect eva .Erin thinks that students should meet the Holocaust survivorsShow MoreRelated The Shawshank Redemption: A Comparison of the Short Story and the Film809 Words   |  4 Pagesthat interests me in both the film and the story is freedom. Freedom serves a large purpose for both the storys writer and the filmmaker. Both use similar examples to signify freedom, not only in the jail, but also in a larger context about life. There are many events and examples in both the film and the short story that signifies the theme of freedom. The one main difference is when the film uses the director’s technique to portray a feel of freedom for the inmates. The overall three issues used inRead MoreSlavery and Liberty ‚Äà ¬ Profit vs. Morality1306 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Slavery and Liberty – Profit vs. Morality 18th-Century British Writers Speed the Process of Freedom â€Å"By the late 18th century, over eleven million African men, women and children had been taken from Africa to be used as slaves in the West Indies and the American colonies. Great Britain was the mightiest superpower on earth and its empire was built on the backs of slaves. The slave trade was considered acceptable by all but a few. Of them even fewer were brave enough to speak it.† (AmazingRead MoreComparing and Contrasting Mudies Peom My Father Began as a God and the Movie Freedom Writers984 Words   |  4 PagesThe language used in the last section of the poem is more loving and emotional than the rest: â€Å"...revealing virtues such as honesty, generosity, integrity†. This draws attention to a mature adult’s perspective. Ian Mudie uses some other language techniques his poem for a variety of reasons. When moving from the child’s perspective to the adolescent’s, the composer uses repetition for emphasis: â€Å"Strange then how he shrank and shrank†. The word strange is referring to his relatively quick change ofRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of How Of Read Literature Like A Professor By Thomas C. Foster1089 Words   |  5 Pagesliterature like a professor or someone with his literary skill. . With all of these literary strategies, symbolism is one that recurs frequently the throughout the entire book. Foster’s use of different techniques of symbolism help the reader understand different meanings behind what writers say. These techniques that Foster uses weather, from rain to fog, and the seasons. Weather and seasons are an amazing example of symbolism in literary works. In chapter 9, It’s More Than Just Rain or Snow, Foster talksRead MoreMovie Review: We Were Soldiers Essay1368 Words   |  6 PagesMovie Review: We Were Soldiers We all like to take a time out and sit down with our loved ones, and watch a heart touching movie every once in a while. What we dont do is actually take time to really focus and understand completely what the point of the movie is or what it is trying to get across to the audience. I was able to take time and sit down, and enjoy and evaluate the movie, We Were Soldiers. I was able to come to the conclusion that it is a very accurate movie, give or take a few factsRead More film crime Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pages Film genres are categories, classifications or groups of films that have a similar, familiar or instantly recognizable patterns, techniques or conventions that include one or more of the following: setting, content, themes, plot, motifs, styles, structures, situations, characters, and stars (filmsite.org and notes). There are many categories of film genre. These categories can cover practically any film ever made by man, although film categories can never be precise. By isolating the various elementsRead MoreLewis Carroll s Novel Of A Land Filled With Wonders And Strange And Curious Creatures878 Words   |  4 Pagesdirectors, writers, and artists of all sorts for decades. The latest addition happened in 2010, where director Tim Burton created a film, Alice in Wonderland, based off of Lewis Carroll’s fantasy novels. The film brings to life Lewis Carroll’s novels of a land filled with wonders and strange and curious creatures. The film tells a story of 19-year-old Alice, who returns to the whimsical world she first encountered as a young girl. In this Tim Burton’s adaption of the Alice in Wonderland movie, specialRead MoreOppression in Dystopian Societies1154 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuality and freedom. Acts of fear and oppression though technological advancements in both 1984 and Equilibrium evoke Oceaninans to trust the higher forms of authority to protect them, and make them feel safe. 1984 and Equilibrium portray a fut uristic totalitarian dystopian society where the oppression of people on a massive scale is evident though the use of technology and propaganda, a totalitarianism government, and the ultimate destruction of historical facts. The Movie Equilibrium depictsRead MoreThe Techniques Used in American Beauty Essay1140 Words   |  5 PagesMendes is a ï ¬ lm about imprisonment and escape from imprisonment (Mendes, 1999). American Beauty explores the breakdown of a suburban family man whose life journeys from self loathing and emptiness to freedom and liberation but at the ultimate cost of his life. Mendes effectively employs a range of techniques to help convey the meaning of this ï ¬ lm such as set design, camera angles, colour and soundtrack. Cinema often uses structured set design and camera angles to convey meaning to an audience. ThroughoutRead MoreFilm Analysis on Freedom Writers2290 Words   |  10 PagesFilm Analysis Essay on Freedom Writers Main Credits Title: Freedom Writers Director: Richard LaGravenese Scriptwriter: Richard LaGravenese Adapted from: The Freedom Writers Diary by Erin Gruwell Actors/Main characters: Hilary Swank-Erin Gruwell, Patrick Dempsey-Scott Casey, Scott Glenn-Steve Gruwell, Imelda Staunton-Margaret Campbell, April L. Hernandez-Eva Benitez, Jaclyn Ngan-Sindy, Jason Finn-Marcus, John Benjamin Hickey- Brian Gelsord, Plot Summary The movie â€Å"Freedom Writers† is based on a true

Annotated Bibliography Ray Bradbury - 1077 Words

Fahrenheit 451: Ray Bradbury An Annotated Bibliography Johnston, Amy E. Boyle. â€Å"Ray Bradbury: Fahrenheit 451 Misinterpreted.† L.A. Weekly, 4 Apr. 2016, Http://Www.laweekly.com/News/Ray-Bradbury-Fahrenheit-451-Misinterpreted-2149125. This article is about the author having an interview with Ray Bradbury about how people are mistreated because they was been kept uninformed and ignorant about censorship when its really about technology destroying the use of reading. This is because in the book itself, reading is discouraged (illegal) and television is persuading. The author of this article suggests that Ray Bradbury would observe to see how has technology shows a problems.People will adapt when†¦show more content†¦Bould is suggesting that technology is affecting how people function, and that people are no longer individuals because they are having to fit into society norms. Sleeper, Jim. â€Å"Political Correctness and Its Real Enemies† The New York Times, The New York Times, 3 Sept. 2016, Www.nytimes.com/2016/09/04/Opinion/Sunday/Political-Correctness-and-Its-Real-Enemies.html . In this article the research I collected explains the use of political correctness at a University. The purpose of political correctness is to avoid or take extreme measures to desist any action or expression that may exclude, marginalize, or insult groups of people who are socially disadvantaged or discriminated against. It is clear that majority of the people in this article are not satisfied by the way issues were handled at the University. The author presented relevant information to answer the question; â€Å"Is political correctness an enemy of free speech?†. Some government officials that were brought into this situation, agreed with political correctness and what it means. While doing this research I learned that political correctness in not only this, but also is a tool used to control peoples speech so that no one feels offended. I believe political correctness is barricade for anyone who wants a power of choice. Moreover, this article is useful for an analysis on l imitations for societies inShow MoreRelated Impact of Pulp Magazines on American Culture Essay583 Words   |  3 Pagestrue, it was not always the case. Pulp magazines have had contributions from many different, famous authors. These authors include: H.P. Lovecraft (author of the Cthulhu Mythos), Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke (author of 2001: A Space Odyssey), Ray Bradbury (author of the Martian Chronicles), Edgar Rice Burroughs (author of the Tarzan, Mars, and Pellicidar series), Lester Dent (author of the Doc Savage series), Walter Gibson (author of the Shadow series), Erle Stanley Gardner (author of the PerryRead MoreBanana Used as Fertilizer11002 Words   |  45 Pagesreview on banana diseases in 1935 has resulted in a really useful chapter, whereas any attempt to cover a wider range in forty pages must have led to a treatment too superficial to be worth while. For the pests, on which no monograph exists, an annotated list is given of 182 species and five are selected for ful ler treatment. In the last chapter the author returns to his special field and gives a concise but adequate summary of the aims, methods and results of banana breeding from its inception in

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Free Essays

COPD which is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is known as a condition that progressively makes it harder to breathe because the airflow into and out of the lungs is reduced. This usually occurs because the airways and air sacs lose their elastic quality, the walls between the air sacs are destroyed, the walls of the airways become swollen, or if the airways are clogged because they made more mucus than usual. Three main conditions of this disease are emphysema, chronic obstructive bronchitis, and asthma. We will write a custom essay sample on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most patients who suffer from COPD also suffer from emphysema and chronic bronchitis as to why they are commonly just defined as COPD. The patients who experience one or more of these conditions usually find it even more difficult to breathe. It is known to be a major cause of disability, and the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. It is said that approximately 12 million people have been diagnosed with COPD while another 12 million may have it and don’t even know it. COPD is mostly caused by cigarette smoke; however, pipe, cigar, and other types of tobacco smoke, as well as, second-hand smoke can contribute to this disease. This disease can also be caused by inhalation of air pollution, chemical fumes or dust either in the workplace or from the environment. COPD is usually found in patients of at least 40 years of age; however, it may affect a patient younger if they happen to have the genetic condition, which is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protein made in the liver. This is an inherited deficiency that puts patients at a high-risk for lung disease. This deficiency occurs when the AAT proteins are not the right shape, which means they get trapped in the liver cells and cannot get into the bloodstream to travel to the lungs in order to protect them. Signs and symptoms of COPD are chest tightness, wheezing, shortness of breath, and also the â€Å"smoker’s cough. † The â€Å"smoker’s cough† is defined as an ongoing cough in which the patient produces large amounts of mucus. Severe COPD can cause symptoms such as weight loss and lower muscle endurance. If a patient is having a hard time catching their breath or talking, their not mentally alert, their heartbeat is very fast, their lips or fingernails turn gray, or blue or their recommended treatment which usually works isn’t work emergency treatment should be sought. If a doctor is attempting to diagnose COPD, he will first determine whether or not the patient is a smoker, then look into the patient’s family and medical history as well as their signs and symptoms. The doctor will also perform an auscultation using a stethoscope to listen for any wheezing or abnormal chest sounds. If the diagnosis process isn’t completed at that point, the doctor may then perform lung function tests. There are many different lung function tests; those are a spirometry, a peak flow meter, a lung volume measurement, a lung diffusion capacity, pulse oximetry, or an arterial blood gas test. A spirometry is a test to measure how much air you breathe in and out and how fast you blow it out. A peak flow meter is a small, hand-held device that shows how well air moves out of your lungs. A lung volume measurement like a spirometry measures how much air you can breathe in and out, however, it also measures the size of your lungs. A lung diffusion capacity determines how well oxygen passes through your lungs to your bloodstream. Last, are a pulse oximetry and an arterial blood gas test, both of these tests are used to see how much oxygen is in your blood. The arterial blood gas test is usually what is used to determine how severe your COPD condition is. After COPD is diagnosed, different treatments may be advised. There is no cure for this condition, but certain treatments may help a patient to feel better, remain more active and also keep their condition from progressing so fast. First, the doctor will tell you if you are a smoker the best thing to do is to quit. And, depending on the severity of your COPD your doctor may advise you to see a pulminologist, who is a doctor who treats patients with lung problems. Then, different medications may be prescribed such as bronchodilators, short-acting or long-acting again depending on the severity of the disease. Both are used to relax the muscles around your airways to help make breathing easier; however, short-acting is said to only last four to six hours, whereas, long-acting is said to last twelve hours or more. Most bronchodilators are used through metered-dose inhalers. Also, inhaled steroids may be prescribed to reduce the airways from swelling. Doctors will usually prescribe the steroid for a trial period of six weeks to three months. Other treatments to help this disease from progressing may be pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, and vaccines to prevent the patient from the pneumonia or the flu. Rarely, a patient may be advised to have surgery such as a bullectomy, which is a removal of one or more very large bullae of the lungs, a lung volume reduction surgery, which is used to removed damaged tissue from the lungs, or a lung transplant may also benefit patients who suffer from COPD. Although emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma are all conditions of this disease COPD, each condition affects the lungs slightly different. Emphysema is the condition that affects the lungs almost the same way because just like COPD it involves damage to the air sacs within the lungs; however, chronic bronchitis and asthma are different. Chronic bronchitis is known as a long-term inflammation of the bronchi, which causes increased mucus and other changes. Asthma occurs when the muscles in the bronchial tubes tighten and the airways become blocked by the extra mucus the airways are producing. Emphysema just like COPD is more progressive than chronic bronchitis or asthma. Patients with emphysema usually have shortness of breath and within later stages of the illness develop a chronic cough or sputum, whereas, patients with chronic bronchitis usually have a cough and develop sputum for many years before suffering from shortness of breath. And, for patients with asthma if proper treatments are followed then symptoms can be controlled. Causes of these conditions are also very similar. The most common cause for all of these conditions is smoking. The AAt deficiency can also play a role on patients who suffer from emphysema like COPD. Other causes for emphysema are known to be the HIV infection, as well as, connective tissue disorders. Other causes for chronic bronchitis can be from bacterial or viral infections. And, many different causes for asthma are airborne allergens, like pollen, mold, animal dander, dust mites, etc. , exercise-induced asthma, cold air, and certain medications, like beta-blockers, aspirin and other NSAID’s. It is said that the menstrual cycle in some women, as well as, the gastroesophageal reflux disease, which causes stomach acids to back up into the throat can lead to an asthma attack. And, allergic reactions to foods, like peanuts or shellfish can also cause an asthma attack. Symptoms of emphysema are known as a mild or chronic cough, loss of appetite and weight loss, and muscle fatigue. Symptoms for chronic bronchitis are known as a cough, spitting out of excess mucus, lips and skin may appear blue, abnormal lung signs, swelling of the feet, and heart failure. And, symptoms of asthma are chest tightness or pain, shortness of breath, a whistling or wheezing sound when exhaling, and trouble sleeping because of the shortness of breath, coughing, or wheezing. The diagnosis and treatments for both emphysema and chronic bronchitis are very similar as COPD, where pulmonary function tests, x-rays, and/or CAT scans may be performed to diagnose the condition. And different treatments may include bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, steroidal medications, and even possible lung surgery. Different procedures that may be used to diagnose the condition known as asthma are a methacholine bronchial challenge, where the patient inhales an asthma trigger called methacholine to mildly constrict the airways and a positive methacholine test will support the diagnosis. Another test is known as the nitric oxide test, which is used to measure the amount of nitric oxide you have in your breath. If your airways are inflamed, that is a sign of asthma. Medications that may be prescribed to treat asthma symptoms are inhaled corticosteroids, like Flovent Diskus, Pulmicort, Azmacort, Aerobid; Long-acting beta-2 agonists, which are long-acting bronchodilators; Leukotrine modifiers, theophylline. Also, short-acting bronchodilators may also be prescribed such as albuterol, atrovent, and oral and intravenous corticosteroids. How to cite Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Papers

Socrates Essays (1139 words) - Socratic Dialogues, Socrates

Socrates At the elderly age of seventy, Socrates found himself fighting against an indictment of impiety. He was unsuccessful at trial in the year 399 B.C. The charges were corrupting the youth of Athens, not believing in the traditional gods in whom the city believed, and finally, that he believed in other new divinities. In Plato's Apology, Socrates defends himself against these charges. He claims that the jurors' opinions are biased because they had probably all seen Aristophanes' comedy The Clouds. The Socrates portrayed in Aristophanes' Clouds is an altogether different character than that of the Apology. The two different impressions of Socrates lead to quite opposite opinions with regard to his guilt. In The Clouds, Socrates' actions provide evidence of his guilt on all three charges. However, in the Apology, Socrates is fairly convincing in defending his innocence on the first two charges, but falls short on the third charge. Socrates, in The Clouds, is portrayed as an idiot who thinks he's walking on air and is interested primarily in gnats' rumps. He is delineated as a natural philosopher/sophist. He is hired to teach Pheidippides to make the "worse argument", the argument that is really incorrect and unjust the "better"?to his father's creditors? so that Strepsiades, Pheidippides' father, will not have to pay his debts. While this in itself is corrupt, it was that he changed Pheidippides from the time he entered Socrates' "Thinkery" into a corrupt scoundrel, completely devoid of morality that was even more deplorable. At the beginning, Pheidippides is a respectful son who loves his father, but after "graduating" from the Thinkery he is beating his father with a stick (lines 1321-1333). Socrates was so successful in corrupting Pheidippides that he even attempts to justify his behavior using rhetorical techniques learned from Socrates. In response to his father questioning his actions he claims "Yes by God; what's more, I'll prove it's right to do so...with unbeatable arguments." He has obviously been extremely corrupted if he could talk in this manner to his father. Not believing in the traditional gods, which is the second charge fits the Aristophanic Socrates perfectly. Socrates explicitly frowns upon the gods when he exclaims, "what do you mean, ?the gods'? In the first place, gods aren't legal tender here" (lines 247-248). Later, when explaining the elements to Strepsiades, Socrates exclaims "Zeus you say? Don't kid me! There's no Zeus at all" (lines 368-369). He is undoubtedly saying that he does not believe in the traditional gods. The claim that Socrates believed in new divinities, the third charge, is clearly seen when he "enter (s) into communion with the clouds, who are our deities" (lines 253-254). Socrates proves methodically how it could not be Zeus who causes phenomena such as rain, thunder, and lightening, but rather is merely the work of the Clouds. For, if it were indeed the work of Zeus, then he would bring rain in absence of any clouds. The fact that the clouds are always present during precipitation attests to their power as opposed to that of Zeus. As the Clouds were not traditional gods, Socrates' guilt on this charge is rather evident. Even as Socrates is presented as a blabbering fool, full of hubris, in the Clouds, an entirely different perspective on this alleged sophist is given to us in the Apology. Throughout Plato's works including the Clouds, Socrates himself claims not to have any wisdom (he did not have any knowledge of ?arete') so he could not possibly have been a sophist. In terms of the charges he seems to absolve himself of the first two charges of corrupting the youth of Athens, and not believing in the traditional gods; though he is less convincing in his claim that he has no allegiance to other gods. Socrates claims he could not possibly be guilty of the first charge for several reasons. He feels the charge arises out of anger towards him for when he applies his "Socratic method" while questioning others' beliefs, it often has the effect of leaving them feeling embarrassed and ridiculed. However, Socrates maintains that his objective is merely to ascertain the ultimate truths, a noble act for sure. In fact, Socrates believes that the pursuit of truth is the most important work of man. Besides, the youth following is not as a result of recruitment but rather "of their own free will" (23cl-2). And on the actual charge of corrupting the youth, when prodded by him to give an example of these acts, none is forthcoming. They present it in a general sense lacking any

zubori essays

zubori essays Martin Luther lived from 1483-1546. Luther was born on November 10, 1483 in Eisleben in the province of Saxony. His protestant view of Christianity started what was called the Protestant Reformation in Germany. Luther's intentions were to reform the medieval Roman Catholic Church. But firm resistance from the church towards Luther's challenge made way to a permanent division in the structure of Western Christianity. Luther lived in Mansfield and was the son of a miner. He later went on to study at Eisenbach and Magdeburg. After studying at these institutions he moved on to study at the University of Erfurt. Luther started out studying law, but then went on to enter the religious life. He went into the religious life due to the fact that he felt that he would never earn his eternal salvation. He didn't feel that all of the prayer, studying and sacraments were enough. Therefore, Luther felt that he would never be able to satisfy such a judging God. Not being able to satisfy this God meant eternal damnation. After entering the religious life he later became an Augustinian monk and entered the Augustinian monastery at Erfurt in July of 1505. While in this monastery Luther became a well known theologian and Biblical scholar. In 1512 Luther earned his doctorate in theology and became a professor of Biblical literature at Wittenberg University. Luther took his religious vocation very serious. This led him into a severe crisis in dealing with his religion. He wondered, "is it possible to reconcile the demands of God's law with human inability to live up to the law." Luther then turned to the New Testament book of Romans for answers. He had found, "God had, in the obedience of Jesus Christ, reconciled humanity to himself." "What was required of mankind, therefore, was not strict adherence to law or the fulfillment of religious obligations, but a response of faith that accepted what God had done." In other words he realized that religion is ...

Lustreware - Medieval Islamic Pottery Technique

Lustreware - Medieval Islamic Pottery Technique Lustreware (less commonly spelled lusterware) is a ceramic decorative technique invented by 9th century C.E. Abbasid potters of the Islamic Civilization, in what is today Iraq. The potters believed that making lustreware was true  alchemy  because the process involves using a lead-based glaze and silver and copper paint to create a golden shine on a pot that contains no gold. Chronology of Lustreware Abbasid 8th c -1000 Basra, IraqFatimid 1000-1170 Fustat, EgyptTell Minis 1170-1258 Raqqa, SyriaKashan 1170-present Kashan, IranSpanish (?)1170-present Malaga, SpainDamascus 1258-1401 Damascus, Syria Lustreware and the Tang Dynasty Lustreware grew out of an existing ceramic technology in Iraq, but its earliest form was clearly influenced by Tang dynasty potters from China, whose art was first seen by those of Islam through trade and diplomacy along the vast trade network called the Silk Road. As a result of ongoing battles for control of the Silk Road connecting China and the West, a group of Tang dynasty potters and other craftsmen were captured and held in Baghdad between 751 and 762 C.E. One of the captives was the Tang Dynasty Chinese craftsman Tou-Houan. Tou was among those artisans captured from their workshops near Samarkand by members of the Islamic Abbasid Dynasty after the Battle of Talas in 751 C.E. These men were brought to Baghdad where they stayed and worked for their Islamic captors for some years. When he returned to China, Tou wrote to the emperor that he and his colleagues taught the Abbasid craftsmen the important techniques of paper-making, textile manufacture, and gold-working. He didnt mention ceramics to the emperor, but scholars believe they also passed along how to make white glazes and the fine ceramic pottery called Samarra ware. They also likely passed along the secrets of silk-making, but thats another story entirely. What We Know of Lustreware The technique called lustreware developed over the centuries by a small group of potters who traveled within the Islamic state until the 12th century, when three separate groups began their own potteries. One member of the Abu Tahir family of potters was Abul Qasim bin Ali bin Muhammed bin Abu Tahir. In the 14th century, Abul Qasim was a court historian to the Mongol kings, where he wrote a number of treatises on various subjects. His best-known work is The Virtues of Jewels and the Delicacies of Perfume, which included a chapter on ceramics, and, most importantly, describes part of the recipe for lustreware. Abul Qasim wrote that the successful process involved painting copper and silver onto glazed vessels  and then refiring to produce the lustrous shine. The chemistry behind that alchemy was identified by a group of archaeologists and chemists, led by who reported Spains Universitat Polità ¨cnica de Catalunya researcher Trinitat Pradell, and discussed in detail in the Origins of Lustreware photo essay. The Science of Lusterware Alchemy Pradell and colleagues examined the chemical content of glazes and the resulting colored lusters of pots from the 9th through 12th centuries. Guiterrez et al. found that the golden metallic shine only occurs when there are dense nanoparticulated layers of glazes, several hundred nanometers thick, which enhance and broaden the reflectivity, shifting the color of the reflected light from blue to green-yellow (called a redshift). These shifts are only achieved with a high lead content, which potters deliberately increased over time from Abbasid (9th-10th centuries) to Fatimid (11th-12th centuries C.E.) luster productions. The addition of lead reduces the diffusivity of copper and silver in the glazes and helps the development of thinner luster layers with a high volume of nanoparticles. These studies show that although the Islamic potters may not have known about nanoparticles, they had tight control of their processes, refining their ancient alchemy by tweaking the recipe and production steps to achieve the best high reflecting golden shine. Sources Caiger-Smith A. 1985. Lustre Pottery: Technique, tradition, and innovation in Islam and the Western World. London: Faber and Faber. Caroscio M. 2010. Archaeological Data and Written Sources: Lustreware Production in Renaissance Italy, a Case Study. European Journal of Archaeology 13(2):217-244. Gutierrez PC, Pradell T, Molera J, Smith AD, Climent-Font A, and Tite MS. 2010. Color and Golden Shine of Silver Islamic Luster. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 93(8):2320-2328. Pradell, T. Temperature resolved reproduction of medieval luster. Applied Physics A, J. MoleraE. Pantos, et al., Volume 90, Issue 1, January 2008. Pradell T, Pavlov RS, Gutierrez PC, Climent-Font A, and Molera J. 2012. Composition, nanostructure, and optical properties of silver and silver-copper lusters. Journal of Applied Physics 112(5):054307-054310.

Smoking in public Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Smoking in public - Essay Example Pope Urban vii banned tobacco consumption in porch ways and church, where he did not allow any form of consumption of the said drug. This was through chewing, sniffing, and most importantly smoking, which is the main concern here (Trex). To end public smoking, the penalty was excommunication from the church, and this is the first and earliest documented instance of concern over public smoking. King James, who looked to establish a smoke-free England due to what he labeled as an uncouth practice, raised further concerns in England. King James labeled smoking as a custom of slavish Indians that was loathsome to the eye, hateful to the nose and dangerous to the lungs, as well as harmful to the brain (Trex). The king further went on to raise taxes and tariffs on tobacco to achieve his dream of a tobacco-free England. In most recent times, concerns have been raised over smoking in public, which has led to the ban of tobacco use, in public, in many cities across the globe. There are two op posing sides on the ban of smoking in public, where there are those who agree with the ban and those that are against it. Those that do not agree with banning of smoking in public places have a number of beliefs that are backed by solid evidence. To those who are opposed to the ban, denying smokers the right to smoke in public is a form of discrimination against a minority. This is considering that those that smoke are a minority of the global population, whereas non-smokers make the bulk of the population. By not allowing public smoking, smokers are deprived equal rights to engage in their pleasurable activities at will and freely. They also view as a form of discrimination considering that it is a very small number of people that make decisions on the ban on public smoking. In addition, they are of the opinion that there are worse conditions out there in the world than smoking. As a result, they view it as a waste of time banning smoking rather than handling other conditions, that research describes as dangerous and as an epidemic, such as obesity and alcohol abuse. Banning smoking in public is viewed as a decline in democracy and tolerance in the society, where the two are supposed to work hand in hand for the good of the society (Mallon). As such, the rights of the minority smokers are infringed due to propaganda that smoking is bad for one’s health while it is one’s choice to either smoke or not smoke. Those opposed against smoking in public argue that banning smoking in public bears numerous health benefits. Arguments are that it reduces risks of heart attacks in younger individuals and those that do not engage in smoking activities. This is because coming into contact with smoke raises the chances of heart attacks by 26% as researchers say. For non-smokers, banning smoking in public is said to improve their health as exposure to secondary smoke tends to make the blood sticky; thus, increasing the chances of suffering a heart attack ( "Banning Smoking In Public Places†). In addition, for those that would like to quit smoking, the ban is welcome. This is because the ban prevents the temptation to smoke, which results in their ceasing of the smoking habit. The consequences of smoking in public, especially following the ban are high; thus act as a deterrent against smoking, which makes it easy for smokers to

Why have the educational policies of both the province of Quebec and Essay

Why have the educational policies of both the province of Quebec and the First Nation people rejected the policy of mu - Essay Example However, in Quebec, functions of schools are regarded as being highly political institutions in which language legislation is used to educate politics. In different parts of Canada, both multicultural and intercultural educations are at transient phase between accommodation and incorporation. Both multicultural and intercultural policies are productive of dominant culture, specifically in Quebec, where francization is significant. The above mentioned phase is attempted to accommodate the need of other groups but yet, minority language and cultural programs are excluded from compensatory programs. Focusing on non-political version of culture gave a symbolic understanding to other ethnic groups for which the state of Quebec has showed resistance by giving rise to politicized intercultural policies. The main rejecting reason of multicultural programs in education was to prevent the fall of dominance of one’s own culture and identity. Multicultural education is least erroneous program in present days which assures that people from different cultures won’t lose their identities and culture and at the same time, it prevents the cultural and linguistic dominance of other cultures. However, multicultural education programs will not eliminate the issue of racism from different ethnic groups; nevertheless, this program will bring the different culture and groups as well as communities to accommodate each other for the better society where everyone lives without other cultural influence in peace and

Organizational Change Of Procter And Gamble Marketing Essay

Organizational Change Of Procter And Gamble Marketing Essay In these ever changing and highly competitive markets, there has been a considerable amount of research carried out into new product development and introduction. A successful new product launch is believed by many to be the recipe to business or firm growth and profitability depending on their ability to identify the needs of customers and to quickly create products that meet these needs and can be produced at a low cost. The next step is to analyse and develop the market plan. This is done by reviewing the 4Ps product matrix as a way to finding a unique position from which to create a competitive advantage for the product. Also, review the SWOT with Clients and utilize SMART technique to develop the written, working plan Executing the plan and launching the product. This includes developing collateral materials, begin placement discussion with the first stage in the ideal channel, have enough discussion with as many different entities with a view to uncovering any previously undiscovered real objections. Review and improve plan as necessary with the new information, repeat until sold, and explore link extensions with new partners. It should be noted that new product development and introduction plan is the first stage in the Product Life Cycle. It is created in stages, giving logical break points to force the decision to proceed or not based on what occurs at each stage. Aim and Objective The goal of this research paper is to present in a clear and detail way how the development and launch of household care products by Procter and Gamble (PG) Company is aimed at bringing together the marketing, design, strategy and manufacturing functions of the company and also to identify the overall profitability of the product. Companys Overview and History With its headquarters in Cincinnati, Ohio, Procter and Gamble (PG) Limited is one of the worlds leading giants when it comes to making household products. The company is engaged in producing beauty, health, fabric, home, baby, family, and personal care products. With commitments to remain as the leader in its market, PG is one of the most aggressive marketers and is the largest advertiser in the world. Many innovations that are now common practices in corporate America including extensive market research, the brand-management system, and employee profit-sharing schemes were first introduced at Procter and Gamble. Procter and Gamble Limited has an employee base of 138,000 or more and operates in nearly 80 countries around the world and markets more than 300 brands in over 180 countries; more than half of the companys revenues are generated overseas. The company recorded revenues of $83,503 million during FY2008, an increase of 9.2% over FY2007. The operating profit of the company was $17.083 million during FY2008, an increase of 10.6% over FY2007. The net profit was $12.075 million in FY2008, an increase of 16.8% over FY2007. History Procter and Gamble Company (PG) was established as a joint partnership business by William Procter and James Gamble, two immigrants from United Kingdom in 1837 with head-office in Cincinnati, Ohio. By 1890, PG was selling more than 30 different types of soap, including Ivory. In 1915, the company built a manufacturing plant in Canada, its first outside the U.S. During 1917-1918, PG established the chemicals division which function was to formalize research procedures and develop new products. Then in the 1920s the company discontinued the manufacturing of candles. KEY DATES AND ACQUISITIONS: c. 1851: The Companys famous moon-and-star symbol is created. 1878: PG introduces White Soap, soon renamed Ivory. 1885: Introducing Innovative Employee Benefits. 1890: The company was incorporated as Procter and Gamble Company. 1911: The debut of Crisco, the first all-vegetable shortening. 1931: Brand management system is formally introduced. 1946: PG introduces Tide laundry detergent. 1955: Crest toothpaste makes its debut. 1957: Charmin Paper Company is acquired. 1961: Test marketing of Pampers disposal diapers begins 1963: Company acquires the Folgers coffee brand. 1982: Norwich-Eaton Pharmaceuticals is acquired 1985: PG purchases Richardson-Vicks Company, owner of the Vicks, NyQuil, and Oil of Olay brand 1988: Noxell Corporation, maker of Noxema products and Cover Girl cosmetics, is acquired 1990: PG expands its presence in the male personal care market by acquiring Shultons Old Spice Product line. 1991: Max Factor and Betrix cosmetics and fragrance lines are bought from Revlon, Inc. 1992: Pantene Pro-V shampoo is introduced. 1993: Major restructuring is launched, involving 13,000 job cuts and 30 plant closures. 1994: Company enters the European tissue and towel market with the acquisition of the Germany-based company, Schickedanz. 1997: Company acquires Tambrands, Inc., maker of Tampax line of tampons 1998: Organization 2005 restructuring is launched. 1999: Premium pet food maker Iams Company is purchased. 2001: PG acquires the Clairol hair-care business from Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. 2002: Jif peanut butter and Crisco shortening brands are divested. 2003: Company acquires a controlling interest in German hair-care firm Wella AG. By 2004, the company announced its agreement to acquire the commercial business of Grupo Vita in Spain. In the same year, PG finalized the sale of its juice drink brands, Sunny Delight and Punica, to JW Childs Associates LP, a private-equity firm in Boston. This further paring of the food business left PG with just two main food brands, Pringles and Folgers. The snacks and beverages unit accounted for only 7% of the companys total revenues in fiscal 2004. At the beginning of fiscal 2005 PG realigned its business units, shifting it five previous units into three: global beauty care; global health, baby, and family care; and global household care. Pringles and Folgers were placed within the latter unit. During the fiscal 2004, sales surged 19%, surpassing the $50 billion mark for the first time. Net earning also jumped 25%, hitting $6.48 billion mark. The newly invigorated company continued its streak of paying dividends without interruption since its 1890 incorporation, and it also increased its dividends for the 48th straight year. And in July 2005, a proposed merger with the Gillette Company, a leader in male grooming product was completed and cleared by the European Commission. Literature Review Product planning should be considered as a key driver for the eventual manufacturing and development of a successful new product. It can mean both organizational entity and the process of planning the product which can involve many more departments in a company (Allen, 1993). The consistent investment in consumer and market research, innovation, brand-building and go-to-market policies has considerably helped Procter and Gamble Company achieve success in its new product development strategy and also achieve considerable market shares. This case continues with an insight into PGs product innovations that have been a success among the diverse segments of the global market. The company is organized into three Global Business Units (GBUs) and a Global Operations group for producing commercially viable products. The three GBUs are beauty, health and well-being, and household care. The Global Operations group consists of the Market Development Organization (MDO) and Global Business Service (GBS). Research Methodology The research methodology will be based on the qualitative analysis, i.e. on the presentation and the analysis of a series of findings retrieved by researchers in the literature (Internet sites, online newspapers, periodicals, books and other academic publications, journals). The presentation of appropriate primary sources (statistical indexes, graphs, and financial data) will be also used in order to support the views of the literature. In other words, the research will be mainly secondary mostly because of the objectivity of data involved. More specifically, the use of primary research would not be used for the purpose of this research. Chapter 1 Organizational Culture and Structure 1.0 Corporate Structure Procter and Gamble organization structure is an important part of their capability to grow. It combines the global scale benefits of a $79 billion global company with a local focus to win with consumers and retail customers in each country where PG products are sold. PG organizational structure comprise three Global Business Units (GBUs), Global Operations, Global Business Services (GBS) and Corporate Functions (CF) Fig 1: Four Pillars of Corporate Structure of PG Global Business Units (GBUs) focus solely on consumers, brands and competitors around the world. They are responsible for the innovation pipeline, profitability and shareholder returns from their businesses. Market Development Organizations (MDOs) are charged with knowing consumers and retailers in each market where PG competes and integrating the innovations flowing from the GBUs into business plans that work in each country. Global Business Services (GBS) utilizes PG talent and expert partners to provide best-in-class business support services at the lowest possible costs to leverage PGs scale for a winning advantage. Corporate Functions ensure ongoing functional innovation and capability improvement. Procter and Gamble has adopted an organizational structure of innovation that allows them to launch innovation faster. The company has taken seven key steps in order to structure their innovation management and organization for faster innovation. Delegating decisions to innovative teams: Decisions are delegated to the innovative teams in order to avoid delays and enable fast innovation independent of top managements. Integrating the Research and Development Department into the Business Unit: Integrating majority of the RD into the business unit makes innovation management more effective and fosters the collaboration with the other departments of the business units and the orientation towards the customers in lieu of an exclusive focus on the technology. Co-Location of Teams Department: By locating all innovative team members and relevant departments of a division in the same place, the company can make sure that information flows without distortion. Central Innovation Team: Procter and Gamble has an organization of central innovation team at the corporate level which goes by the name Future Works. At the business unit level its central innovation teams belong to the New Business Development Organization. Central Innovation Fund: PG has established the PG Corporate Innovation Fund (CIF) for the purpose of financing the development of disruptive innovation and of new business. Crest Whitestrips were, for instance, funded by the CIF. External Interface for Open Innovation: In order to execute Open Innovation and to channel external solutions and ideas into the company, PG innovation management needs an effective external interface. The company has established its External Business Development Organization and its Connect Develop Organization. The mission of these departments is to realize the innovation potential, which slumbers in the outside world, via the development of external networks. Merger Acquisition Department: The mission of this department is to acquire innovative companies with a view of strengthening it innovation management and be in the market-place with innovations much faster. 1.1 Corporate Culture Procter and Gamble organizational culture is based on the guiding foundation of Purpose, Values and Principles (PVP) Purpose To provide branded products and services of superior quality and value that would touch and improve the lives of their consumers and in return, the consumers would reward PG with leadership sales, profit and value creation, and allowing their people, shareholder and the communities in which they live and work to prosper. Values Integrity Leadership Ownership Passion for winning Trust Principles Show respect for all individual The interest of the company and the individual are inseparable Strategically focused in their work Innovation being the cornerstone of their success Value Personal Mastery Seek to be the best Externally focused Mutual interdependency is a way of life. Organizational Change of Procter and Gamble A common aspect of any company whether small, medium or large scale is the structural and organizational changes. An organization undergoes change in order to ensure the products and services that would be given to customers are excellent, as well as, the performance of the employee within the company. Procter and Gamble is one the company that utilises change in organization in order to become one of the most well-known product producers in the whole world. Organization 2005 is aimed at changing PGs culture from a conservative, slow-moving, bureaucratic behemoth to that of a modern, fast-moving Internet-savvy organization. PG wants to make faster and better decisions, cut red tape, save cost out of systems and procedures, fuel innovation, set more aggressive sales goals and nearly double its revenue. The catalyst for all this change is Information Technology. Finally, PG wants to abandon its legacy of secrecy. Its new spirit of openness is most evident on the Internet. SWOT Analysis One strategic management tool that PG uses to stay ahead of its competition is the effective and efficient utilization of SWOT analysis. This involves specifying the goals and objectives of the business as well as identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable in achieving the goals and objectives Strengths Weaknesses * Strong focus on Research and Development. * Leading market position * Diversified product portfolio * Strong brand portfolio. * Increasing instances of product recalls * Dependent on Wal-Mart Stores for majority of its revenue Opportunities Threats

Belonging – Short Story

Screaming in pain, Rebecca was about to give birth to her first baby. She was forced to have a homebirth as there were no hospitals around for miles. Her shrieks of pain had woken everyone in the neighbourhood, many came up to the house to get a glimpse of the situation. One of Rebecca’s friends, Rick, had rushed into the house in a matter of minutes after he heard the screaming. Rick stayed with Rebecca for several hours that followed to comfort her as best he could. His best attempts to calm her down, it seemed, were not good enough. At last, the ordeal was over. After ten hours of labour she had finally given birth to a baby boy. As Rick turned to face Rebecca, he saw an expression of sadness in her eyes. He knew that she didn’t want the baby, that she wasn’t capable of providing for it with her waitressing job at a cafe. In the months that followed, Rebecca had a tough time trying to earn money to feed herself, let alone her son. She turned to drugs to fight her depression, but she found that they had no effect. When her son, who she named William (Billy), was six years old, he started school. There, he was a social outcast; no one wanted talk to him. Five more years passed before he decided to quit school and stay at home, he felt that he didn’t belong anywhere else. Billy started experimenting with cocaine when he saw his mother using it, but she had been sober for a few years now. It seemed that for every year she got sober, her son’s heart simultaneously grew colder. He joined gangs, Billy had built a reputation that he could hustle and steal, but he got caught once and was sent to jail for three years. During his time at prison, he was working as an informant for the guards on staff in exchange for protection from all the rapists and paedophiles that roamed the prison. When Billy had gotten out of jail, the reputation that he had built up had been crumbled; he was kicked out of the gang because the other members were too suspicious of him. He once again dropped to the rank of social outcast. In a vain attempt to get back into the gang, he tried to act tough, fighting people over little things, his attempts went unnoticed. He had turned to selling crack to the people on the streets for money. He sold crack until he had enough money to move up to cocaine, trying to fulfil the fantasy stuck in his brain. Tired of trying to get back into the gang, he pursued a path to be with the hardcore gangs, with the cutthroats and the thugs. But when he stepped up to the gang, they turned him down saying â€Å"any coward can sell drugs, anyone with a gun can kill a man. But only a real thug has stabbed someone till they die, standing in front of them staring straight into their eyes†. Feature Article –  The Plane of the Sleeping Beauty Analysis Billy knew these men were well guarded, that they wanted to test him before business started. They proposed that he kill a woman to show he was cold hearted. Now Billy had a choice between going back to his life or making money with ‘made men’ in the higher ranks. His dreams about cars and drugs made him agree, a hardcore gangster is all he ever wanted to be. He met them the next week, at night on a lonely street. They drove around the town, slow while it was raining, smoking and drinking for entertainment. Late at night they saw a woman walking alone, coming back on her way home. They quietly got out of the car and followed her, one of the people wrapped a shirt around her face and pushed her onto the floor. Billy picked her up and took her into an empty building, forcing her to go up onto the roof. They were yelling at her and telling her to stop moving and screaming, when she wouldn’t listen, Billy hit the woman on the face until he had broken her jaw. Blood leaking through her clothes, she cried silently, praying to god. They proceeded to abuse her for the next few hours. At the end, one of the people next to Billy pulled out a handgun and gave it to him. They told him that if he killed her, he was guaranteed a spot in the gang. Right before he killed her, he thought about the drugs, women and respect he would get and felt strong standing next to his new gang. He put the gun right to her head and pulled back the shirt from her face. What he saw made him cringe and stutter because he was staring into the eyes of his own mother. Rebecca started crying harder than when they were beating her up, broken inside that her own son was going to kill her. His whole world stopped, he couldn’t contemplate what had just happened. His need to belong to a group he barely knew had ripped him apart from the one person he had the strongest bond with, his mother. He turned away from the woman who had once given him birth. As Billy dropped the gun, one of the other men picked it up and shot her in the head. Billy screamed out to the sky because he was lonely and scared; right then he knew what it meant to be empty and cold and jumped off the roof and died with no soul. After that, the gang members hid their bodies and never spoke about it, as if they never existed. His death was much like his birth, painful, shrieking and a mistake.

University of Evansville Admissions SAT, Admit Rate...

Lisa Chiu - ThoughtCo